When Is Syphilis Not Syphilis? Or Is It?

Is it time to rethink syphilis control?

TO THE EDITOR—We read with interest the iPrEx substudy by Solomon et al electronically published in the journal on 13 June [1]. This demonstrated a strikingly increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence associated with incident syphilis infection (2.8 cases per 100 person years for no syphilis vs 8 cases per 100 person-years for incident syphilis (hazard ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence in...

Is Congenital Syphilis Really Congenital Syphilis?

Detroit has recently been distinguished as having the highest congenital syphilis rate in the United States (250.3 cases per 100 000 live births in Detroit versus 10.3 in the US). However, depending on each health department's followup and CDC reporting, these data may not accurately reflect the true congenital syphilis rate. This study examines the reported cases over a three-year time period ...

Is bejel syphilis?

The EFL Pre-Service Teacher Training in Iran: Is it Adequate or not?

Teacher training programs should provide evidence that they are preparing teacher trainees for their teaching career. However, the literature contains few evaluation reports of the layout of the pre-service EFL teacher training program in Iranian EFL context, a gap which this study tries to fill. The participants of the study were high school EFL teachers (n = 346), teacher trainees (n = 97) an...

Is it or is it not a pathogenic mutation? Is it or is it not the podocyte?